"Genome editing (also called gene editing) is a group of technologies that give scientists the ability to change an organism's DNA. These technologies allow genetic material to be added removed, or altered at particular locations in the genome. Several approaches to genome editing have been developed ...
"CRISPR-Cas9 was adapted from a naturally occurring genome editing system in bacteria. The bacteria capture snippets of DNA from invading viruses and use them to create DNA segments known as CRISPR arrays. The CRISPR arrays allow the bacteria to "remember" the viruses (or closely related ones). If the viruses attack again, the bacteria produce RNA segments from the CRISPR arrays to target the viruses' DNA. The bacteria then use Cas9 or a similar enzyme to cut the DNA apart, which disables the virus.
"The CRISPR-Cas9 system works similarly in the lab. Researchers create a small piece of RNA with a short"guide" sequence that attaches (binds) to a specific target sequence of DNA in a genome. The RNA also binds to the Cas9 enzyme..."
from U.S. National Library of Medicine. 2018 Oct 23. What are genome editing and CRISPR-Cas9? National Institutes of Health. [accessed 25 Oct 2018]. https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/genomicresearch/genomeediting.
DNA repair
Genome editing
Gene editing
Treatment
Cancer
Somatic cells
Sickle Cell
Cystic Fibrosis